Abstract. A climate event at 7.5–7.0 cal ka BP (thousand calibrated years before present) has been recognized. This event is important for foreseeing the possible response of the climate system to global warming and for interpreting considerable societal change, but it has heretofore lacked a systematic review. Here, we summarize previously published paleoclimate records spanning this event from 47 sites around the world. The proxy evidence from a variety of paleo-archives, including lake sediments, speleothems, marine sediments, and ice cores, provides a clear picture of this climate change. The synthesis results show a weaker Asian summer monsoon, in contrast to a stronger South American summer monsoon during the event. The event also involves dramatic cooling and wetter conditions in north-central Europe and in western North America, widespread aridity across Africa, contrasting patterns of precipitation variability throughout the Mediterranean, and notable cooling over the polar region, suggesting that it is a worldwide climate event. Comparison of paleoclimate records with climate-forcing time series gives likely climate controls for the event. The close correspondence in time of solar irradiance minima, strong volcanic eruptions, the meltwater flux into the North Atlantic, an orbitally induced decrease in solar insolation, and climate changes indicated by proxy data suggest possible linkages. More quantitative reconstructions and higher resolution climate records are needed to fully capture the magnitude, timing, duration, and nature of this event, which will be of considerable relevance to modeling.