| Volumes and Issues Contents of Issue 3 |
www.clim-past-discuss.net/6/801/2010/
doi:10.5194/cpd-6-801-2010
© Author(s) 2010. This work is distributed
under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Climate change and the demise of Minoan civilization
1Department of Mathematical Sciences, Atmospheric Sciences Group, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
2Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0202, USA
3Department of Biology, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469, USA
Abstract. Climate change has been implicated in the success and downfall of several ancient civilizations. Here we present a synthesis of historical, climatic, and geological evidence that supports the hypothesis that climate change may have been responsible for the slow demise of Minoan civilization. Using proxy ENSO and precipitation reconstruction data in the period 1650–1980 we present empirical and quantitative evidence that El Niño causes drier conditions in the area of Crete. This result is supported by modern data analysis as well as by model simulations. Though not very strong, the ENSO-Mediterranean drying signal appears to be robust, and its overall effect was accentuated by a series of unusually strong and long-lasting El Niños during the time of the Minoan decline. We show that a change in the dynamics of the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) system occurred around 3000 BC, which culminated in a series of strong and frequent El Niños starting at about 1450 BC and lasting for several centuries. This stressful climatic tend, associated with the gradual demise of the Minoans, is argued to be an important force acting in the downfall of this classic and long-lived civilization.
Discussion Paper (PDF, 1546 KB) Interactive Discussion (Closed, 6 Comments) Final Revised Paper (CP)
Notice on Discussion StatusCitation: Tsonis, A. A., Swanson, K. L., Sugihara, G., and Tsonis, P. A.: Climate change and the demise of Minoan civilization, Clim. Past Discuss., 6, 801-815, doi:10.5194/cpd-6-801-2010, 2010. Bibtex EndNote Reference Manager XML
