Climate of the Past Discussions www.clim-past-discuss.net 1814-9340 1814-9359 5 1 2009 10.5194/cpd-5-557-2009 http://www.clim-past-discuss.net/5/557/2009/ http://www.clim-past-discuss.net/5/557/2009/cpd-5-557-2009.html http://www.clim-past-discuss.net/5/557/2009/cpd-5-557-2009.pdf 557 593 2009-02-24 Individual and combined effects of ice sheets and precession on MIS-13 climate Q. Z. Yin yin@astr.ucl.ac.be A. Berger M. Crucifix Institut d'Astronomie et de Géophysique G. Lemaître, Université catholique de Louvain, Chemin du Cyclotron 2, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium Simulations with an Earth System Model of Intermediate Complexity are made to investigate the role of insolation and the size of ice sheets on the regional and global climate for marine isotope stage (MIS) 13. The astronomical forcing is selected at two dates with opposite precession, one when Northern Hemisphere summer (NHS) occurs at perihelion (at 506 ka BP) and the other when it occurs at aphelion (at 495 ka BP). Experiments with five different volumes of the Eurasian and North American ice sheets (ranging from 0 to the Last Glacial Maximum one) are done under these two astronomical conditions. When NHS is at perihelion, the Earth is warmer, the seasonal contrast in Northern (Southern) Hemisphere is larger (smaller) and summer precipitation in Northern Hemisphere monsoon regions is more abundant than when it is at aphelion. The global cooling due to the ice sheets is mainly related to the ice sheet area, little to their height. The regional cooling and warming anomalies caused by the ice sheets get intensified with increasing ice sheet size. The cooling is different whether the NHS occurs at aphelion or at perihelion. Precipitation over different monsoon regions responds differently to the size of the ice sheets. Over North Africa, the ice sheets always reduce precipitation, larger the size less the precipitation. 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