Climate of the Past Discussions www.clim-past-discuss.net 1814-9340 1814-9359 5 4 2009 10.5194/cpd-5-1951-2009 http://www.clim-past-discuss.net/5/1951/2009/ http://www.clim-past-discuss.net/5/1951/2009/cpd-5-1951-2009.html http://www.clim-past-discuss.net/5/1951/2009/cpd-5-1951-2009.pdf 1951 1988 2009-07-17 Climate in continental interior Asia during the longest interglacial of the past 500 000 years: the new MIS 11 records from Lake Baikal, SE Siberia A. A. Prokopenko sasha@geol.sc.edu E. V. Bezrukova G. K. Khursevich E. P. Solotchina M. I. Kuzmin Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA Institute of Geochemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk 664033, Russia Department of Botany, M. Tank State Pedagogical University, Minsk 220809, Belarus Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia A synthesis of paleoclimate responses from Lake Baikal during the MIS 11 interglacial is presented based on proxy records from two drill sites 245 km apart. BDP-99 is located in vicinity of the delta of the major Baikal tributary, whereas the BDP-96 site represents hemipelagic setting distant from riverine influence. The comparison of thicknesses of interglacial intervals in these contrasting depositional settings confirm the extended ca. 33-kyr duration of the MIS 11 interglacial. The new BDP-99 diatom biostratigraphic record matches that of the BDP-96-2 holostratotype and thus establishes robust correlation between the records on the same orbitally-tuned timescale. <br><br> The first detailed MIS 11 palynological record from the BDP-99 drill core indicates the dominance of temperate boreal (taiga) forest vegetation in the Baikal region throughout the MIS 11 interglacial, since at least 424 ka till ca. 396 ka. The interval ca. 420–405 ka stands out as a "conifer optimum" with abundant <i>Abies sibirica</i>, indicative of climate significantly warmer and less continental than today. The closest Baikal analog to this type of vegetation in the current interglacial is at ca. 8–6 ka in the mid-Holocene. The warm conifer phase lasted for ca. 15 ka during MIS 11 interrupted by two millennial-scale cooling episodes. <br><br> At both drill sites, the two-peak structure of the MIS 11 diatom abundance profiles reflects the orbital signature of precession in the interglacial paleoclimate record of continental Eurasia. MIS 11 interglacial was characterized by the sustained high level of primary production and accumulation of autochthonous organic matter at both study sites. The responses of paleoclimate-sensitive indices in the mineralogy of the MIS 11 sediments in BDP-96-2 are consistent with those during the Holocene. Illitization of secondary clay minerals in the Baikal watershed was an important process, but it appears to have been subdued during the first half of the MIS 11, possibly due to elevated humidity and muted seasonality of regional climate. 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