Climate of the Past Discussions www.clim-past-discuss.net 1814-9340 1814-9359 5 1 2009 10.5194/cpd-5-127-2009 http://www.clim-past-discuss.net/5/127/2009/ http://www.clim-past-discuss.net/5/127/2009/cpd-5-127-2009.html http://www.clim-past-discuss.net/5/127/2009/cpd-5-127-2009.pdf 127 151 2009-01-14 Late Glacial and Holocene changes in vegetation cover and climate in southern Siberia derived from a 15 kyr long pollen record from Lake Kotokel P. E. Tarasov ptarasov@zedat.fu-berlin.de E. V. Bezrukova S. K. Krivonogov Freie Universität Berlin, Geological Sciences, Palaeontology Section, Berlin, Germany Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk, Russia Institute of Geochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Irkutsk, Russia United Institute of Geology, Geophysics and Mineralogy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk, Russia In this study a radiocarbon-dated pollen record from Lake Kotokel (52&deg;47´ N, 108&deg;07´ E, 458 m a.s.l.) located in southern Siberia east of Lake Baikal was used to derive quantitative characteristics of regional vegetation and climate since about 15 kyr BP (1 kyr=1000 cal. yr) until today. Quantitative reconstruction of the late glacial vegetation and climate dynamics suggests that open steppe and tundra communities predominated in the study area prior to ca. 13.5 kyr BP and again during the Younger Dryas interval, between 12.8 and 11.6 kyr BP. The pollen-based climate reconstruction suggests lower-than-present mean January (~–38&deg;C) and July (~12&deg;C) temperatures and annual precipitation (~270–300 mm) values during these time intervals. Boreal woodland replaced the primarily open landscape around Kotokel three times at about 14.8–14.7 kyr BP, during the Allerød Interstadial between 13.3–12.8 kyr BP and with the onset of the Holocene interglacial between 11.5 and 10.5 kyr BP, presumably in response to a noticeable increase in precipitation, and in July and January temperatures. The maximal spread of the boreal forest (taiga) communities in the region is associated with a warmer and wetter-than-present climate (<i>T<sub>w</sub></i>~17–18&deg;C, <i>T<sub>c</sub></i>~–19&deg;C, <i>P</i><sub>ann</sub>~500–550 mm) occurred ca.\ 10.8–7.3 kyr BP. During this time interval woody vegetation covered more than 50% of the area within a 21&times;21 km window around the lake. 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